Structural Outlines of John 18-19

Structural Outlines of the Fourth Gospel
by Rev. Felix Just, S.J., Ph.D.

The Passion Narrative - Part I (18:1-27)
(Jesus' Arrest; The High Priests' Interrogations; Peter's Denials)
[full NAB text] [see related art]

The Arrest:

Introduction: The Garden Scene (vv. 1-2)

Overcoming the Enemies (vv. 3-6)
Protecting the Disciples (vv. 7-9)

Conclusion: Peter's Sword vs. the Father's Cup (vv. 10-11)

The Interrogation:

Introduction: The High Priests Annas & Caiaphas (vv. 12-14)

Peter's First Denial (vv. 15-18)
Annas' Questions & Jesus' Responses (vv. 19-24)

Peter's Second & Third Denials (vv. 25-27)

Jesus' Trial before Pilate (18:28-40; 19:1-16a)
(eight scenes, alternating outside & inside the praetorium)
[full NAB text] [see related art]

1 - outside	28 Then they took Jesus from Caiaphas to Pilate's headquarters. It was early in the morning. They themselves did not enter the headquarters, so as to avoid ritual defilement and to be able to eat the Passover. 29 So Pilate went out to them and said, "What accusation do you bring against this man?" 30 They answered, "If this man were not a criminal, we would not have handed him over to you." 31 Pilate said to them, "Take him yourselves and judge him according to your law." The Jews replied, "We are not permitted to put anyone to death." 32 (This was to fulfill what Jesus had said when he indicated the kind of death he was to die.)
2 - going inside	33 Then Pilate entered the headquarters again, summoned Jesus, and asked him, "Are you the King of the Jews?" 34 Jesus answered, "Do you ask this on your own, or did others tell you about me?" 35 Pilate replied, "I am not a Jew, am I? Your own nation and the chief priests have handed you over to me. What have you done?" 36 Jesus answered, "My kingdom is not from this world. If my kingdom were from this world, my followers would be fighting to keep me from being handed over to the Jews. But as it is, my kingdom is not from here." 37 Pilate asked him, "So you are a king?" Jesus answered, "You say that I am a king. For this I was born, and for this I came into the world, to testify to the truth. Everyone who belongs to the truth listens to my voice." 38a Pilate asked him, "What is truth?"
3 - going outside	38b After he had said this, he went out to the Jews again and told them, "I find no case against him. 39 But you have a custom that I release someone for you at the Passover. Do you want me to release for you the King of the Jews?" 40 They shouted in reply, "Not this man, but Barabbas!" Now Barabbas was a bandit.
*4 - implicitly* inside**	19:1 Then Pilate took Jesus and had him flogged. [implicitly *inside*] 2 And the soldiers wove a crown of thorns and put it on his head, and they dressed him in a purple robe. 3 They kept coming up to him, saying, "Hail, King of the Jews!" and striking him on the face.
5 - going outside	4 Pilate went out again and said to them, "Look, I am bringing him out to you to let you know that I find no case against him." 5 So Jesus came out, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple robe. Pilate said to them, "Here is the man!" 6 When the chief priests and the police saw him, they shouted, "Crucify him! Crucify him!" Pilate said to them, "Take him yourselves and crucify him; I find no case against him." 7 The Jews answered him, "We have a law, and according to that law he ought to die because he has claimed to be the Son of God." 8 Now when Pilate heard this, he was more afraid than ever.
6 - going inside	9 He entered his headquarters again and asked Jesus, "Where are you from?" But Jesus gave him no answer. 10 Pilate then said to him, "Do you refuse to speak to me? Do you not know that I have power to release you, and power to crucify you?" 11 Jesus answered him, "You would have no power over me unless it had been given you from above; therefore the one who handed me over to you is guilty of a greater sin."
7 *- implicitly* outside**	12 From then on Pilate tried to release him, but the Jews [still outside?] cried out, "If you release this man, you are no friend of the emperor. Everyone who claims to be a king sets himself against the emperor."
8 - bringing Jesus outside	13 When Pilate heard these words, he brought Jesus outside and sat [or "seated him"?] on the judge's bench at a place called The Stone Pavement, or in Hebrew Gabbatha. 14 Now it was the day of Preparation for the Passover; and it was about noon. He said to the Jews, "Here is your King!" 15 They cried out, "Away with him! Away with him! Crucify him!" Pilate asked them, "Shall I crucify your King?" The chief priests answered, "We have no king but the emperor." 16 Then he handed him over to them to be crucified.

The Crucifixion, Death, and Burial of Jesus (19:16b-42)
(introduction, five close-ups on particular scenes, burial)
[full NAB text] [see related art]

The Crucifixion scene overall:

The Inscription with the political charge in three languages: "Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews" (vv. 19-22)
The Soldiers divide Jesus' garments and casts lots for his tunic: scripture is fulfilled (vv. 23-24; cf. Ps 22:19)
The Mother of Jesus and the Beloved Disciple: "Behold, your mother. Behold, your son" (vv. 25-27)
The Thirst of Jesus; he drinks, thus "finishing" all his work and giving up his spirit (vv. 28-30; cf. Ps 22:16; 69:22)
The Legs of Jesus are not broken, but his side is pierced instead, thus fulfilling scripture (vv. 31-37; cf. Num 9:12; Ps 34:21; Zech 12:10)

The Burial:

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The Johannine Literature Web was created and is maintained by Felix Just, S.J.